WPC 0W(/iXΤCHAPTER21>_SUBCHAPTER_ԀI>1983 p Prev|Next  1983.Civilactionfordeprivationofrights  HowCurrentisThis?  Everypersonwho,undercolorofanystatute,ordinance,regulation,custom,orusage,ofany } StateorTerritoryortheDistrictofColumbia,subjects,orcausestobesubjected,anycitizenof i theUnitedStatesorotherpersonwithinthejurisdictionthereoftothedeprivationofanyrights, Ut privileges,orimmunitiessecuredbytheConstitutionandlaws,shallbeliabletothepartyinjured A` inanactionatlaw,suitinequity,orotherproperproceedingforredress, - L  exceptthatinanyactionbroughtagainstajudicialofficerUforanactoromissiontakeninsuch  $  officersjudicialcapacity,injunctivereliefshallnotbegrantedunlessadeclaratorydecree[was    violatedordeclaratoryreliefwasunavailable.Forthepurposesofthissection,anyActof   CongressapplicableexclusivelytotheDistrictofColumbiashallbeconsideredtobeastatuteof   theDistrictofColumbia.   injunctiverelief  n.acourt-orderedactorprohibitionagainstanactorconditionwhichhasbeenrequested,and y sometimesgranted,inapetitiontothecourtforaninjunction.Suchanactistheuseofjudicial e (court)authoritytohandleaproblemandisnotajudgmentformoney.Whetherthereliefwillbe Qp grantedisusuallyarguedbybothsidesinahearingratherthaninafull-scaletrial,although =\ sometimesitispartofalawsuitfordamagesand/orcontractperformance.Historically,the )H powertograntinjunctivereliefstemsfromEnglishequitycourtsratherthandamagesfromlaw 4 courts.      ` declaratoryrelief:  n.ajudge'sdetermination(calleda"declaratoryjudgment")oftheparties'rightsunderacontract  orastatuteoftenrequested(prayedfor)inalawsuitoveracontract.Thetheoryisthatanearly  resolutionoflegalrightswillresolvesomeoralloftheotherissuesinthematter.  declaratoryjudgment: u n.ajudgmentofacourtwhichdeterminestherightsofpartieswithoutorderinganythingbedone a  orawardingdamages.Whilethisbordersontheprohibited"advisoryopinion,"itisallowedto Ml! nipcontroversiesinthebud.Examples:apartytoacontractmayseekthelegalinterpretationofa 9 X" contracttodeterminetheparties'rights,oracorporationmayaskacourttodecidewhetheranew %!D # taxistrulyapplicabletothatbusinessbeforeitpaysit. "0!$ decree: ##& n.ingeneral,synonymouswithjudgment.However,insomeareasofthelaw,thetermdecreeis $#' eithermorecommonorpreferredasinprobatesofestates,domesticrelations(divorce), %$( admiraltylawandinequity(courtrulingsorderingorprohibitingcertainacts).Thus,theremay &%) bereferencestoafinalorinterlocutorydecreeofdivorce,finaldecreeofdistributionofadead '&* person'sestate,etc. ('+ _________officer_Ԁofthecourt: ]*|)- n._any_Ԁpersonwhohasanobligationtopromotejusticeandeffectiveoperationofthejudicial I+h*. system,includingjudges,theattorneyswhoappearincourt,bailiffs,clerksandotherpersonnel. 5,T+/ Asofficersofthecourtlawyershaveanabsoluteethicaldutytotelljudgesthetruth,including !-@,0 avoidingdishonestyorevasionaboutreasonstheattorneyorhis/herclientisnotappearing,the  .,-1 locationofdocumentsandothermattersrelatedtoconductofthecourts.